U.S. Extremes

Record of -17 degrees F at Civilian Conservation Corps Logging Camp F-16 is congruent with similar low temperatures observed in the area on January 27, 1940. This observation is archived as part of the National Archives CCC collection.

This value exceeded the previous record of -36 degrees F, observed at Congerville on 5 January 1999.

The record minimum temperature of -50 degrees F was observed by an automated observing station operated by the US Geological Survey (USGS) at a river gage on the Big Black River near the Canadian border. The data are archived by the USGS, and the validity of the observation was confirmed by the State Climate Extremes Committee. The value also ties observations in NH and VT for the coldest temperature recorded for the Northeast region of the United States.

Value of -50 degrees F exceeds the previously reported all-time minimum temperature extreme of -46 on 1\/8\/1968. The -50 degrees F is not yet present in NCDC's digital data files but exists on observation forms and publications in NCDC archives. The value ties with Vermont and Maine for coldest temperature recorded in the Northeast region of the United States.

Previously reported record of -25 degrees F at Greene on February 5, 1996 could not be verified. Source is unknown and no documentation could be found. Value is exceeded by the currently reported record at Wood River Junction.

Historical value at Tulia 6NE became available upon digitization and update of previously paper-bound data. It was examined retroactively, found, to be valid and tied the prior stated record.

The previously reported record of -69 degrees F set at Peters Sinks on Feb 1, 1985 is widely considered an accurate observation, but no information concerning the observation or the station could be identified, and the value is heavily affected by the local terrain. The -50 degrees F at Strawberry Tunnel is the coldest temperature observation that can be verified from publicly available observations at established observation stations in Utah.

The -50 degrees F minimum temperature ties with values from NH and ME as the all-time coldest temperature for the Northeast region of the United States.

The date for the existing record of -30 degrees F at Mountain Lake Biological Station was incorrect by one day. Date listed is the correct observation date.

Original observation of -66 degrees F at Riverside Ranger Station on February 9, 1933 is maintained in Department of Interior archives.

Replaces previous established record of 114 degrees F set at Las Animas on July 1, 1933 and tied at Sedgwick on July 11, 1954. Also, a 118 degrees F report that had persisted in the record books at Bennett, CO on July 11, 1888 was found to be a transcription error. Area temperatures were ~15-20 degrees cooler on that date..

The value of 118 degrees F is confirmed as a valid observation, but the station sits on a bluff above the river and the observation is characteristic more of the local microclimate than the area climate. If this value is in doubt, the next highest value is 117 degrees F on July 25, 1936 at both Logan and Atlantic.

The previously reported record of 114 degrees F was reported by observer at Moorhead on 7\/6\/1936 as 113.6 degrees F (unlikely to be accurate given the 1-degree precision of the mercury in glass thermometer in use at the time), and rounded to 114 degrees F. The extreme reported above for Beardsley was observed as 114.5 degrees F and has been rounded to 115 degrees F per current rounding practices.

A 120 degrees F observed at Tipton observed by an Oklahoma Mesonet automated weather station on June 27, 1994 was originally approved. However, this value was later withdrawn after problems with the instrumentation configuration were discovered several years later.

Listed record value of 104 degrees F is being reviewed. If found to be invalid, the next highest temperature is 100 degrees F on August 21, 2003 at Ponce 4E.

A 118 degrees F temperature was observed on July 4, 2007 at a Remote Automatic Weather Station (RAWS) located near the Utah Welcome Center on I-15 south of St. George. However, a decision on the validity of this value could not be determined by the State Climate Extremes Committee. View 2021 Record Report

A heat wave across the Pacific Northwest in late June 2021 broke a number of daily maximum temperature records. In addition, an Washington SCEC determined that a Department of Energy mesonet station, Hanford H100F, reached 120 degrees F, exceeding the previous record of 118 degrees F set at Ice Harbor Dam (COOP ID: 453993) on August 5, 1961 and Wahluke (COOP ID: 458903) on July 24, 1928.

Although higher amounts have been observed in other states, the 32.52 inches of rainfall that was observed in 24-hrs over July 19-20, 1997 at Dauphin Island Sea Lab in conjunction with Hurricane Danny is the greatest 24-hr rainfall that has been directly observed at an officially established observation station within the coterminous United States.

The previously-listed state record of 15.2 inches at Angoon on October 12, 1982 was determined to be invalid by the SCEC, based largely on analysis that resulted in this Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society article.

Hourly precipitation values for Hoegee's Campground (in the mountains outside Los Angeles) indicate the greatest 24-hour rainfall occurred between 1:00 AM on January 22nd to 1:00 AM on January 23rd. During that period, the storm delivered 25.83 inches (corrected from previous reports of 26.12 inches). A detailed post-storm report was produced by the Weather Bureau.

Had a 9 AM to 9 AM observing period been used ending at 9 AM on September 13th, that the measurement would have been 12.46\". However, the SCEC chose to confirm the calendar-day value as the official record. In either case, the previously acknowledged record of 11.08\" at Holly on June 17, 1965 was superseded.

The Harbeson value replaced the previously reported record of 8.5 inches, set at Dover on 13 July 1975. However, the SCEC reviewing the Harbeson record determined that the Dover record had actually been exceeded twice between 1975 and the Harbeson event, during Tropical Storms Floyd (1999) and Irene (2011). More details are available in the report associated with this investigation.

The previously reported extreme of 38.70 inches at Yankeetown on September 5, 1950 is an estimated depth of rainfall calculated as part of a post-storm survey of Hurricane Easy (Cedar Keys Hurricane). Value has historically been considered reasonably accurate (and even an underestimate of actual rain fall), but as an estimate cannot be considered an official observation from a reliable precipitation gauge.

This value exceeded the previous record of 38 inches, observed at Kilauea Sugar Co. Plantation on 24-25 January 1956, which itself was an estimate. The 2018 value also became the national record for 24-hour precipitation. View the associated National Climate Extremes Committee report. The members of the SCEC deferred to the NCEC findings.

Previously reported record of 16.70 inches in Decatur Co. on August 5-6, 1959 is likely valid, but was estimated from a post-event survey observation. A 13.52 inch observation was made at Atlantic 5SW on June 14, 1998, but it is likely that the observation covered more than a 24-hr period.

The previously posted value of 13.53\" was discovered to be in error. An investigation to determine the legitimate record is underway.

The previous record of 10.48 inches set back on March 1, 1997 in Louisville was determined to be a calendar-day record rather than a 24-hour record. The 24-hour record should have been 10.50 inches from 1AM CST March 1 to 1AM CST March 2, 1997 from the same event in Louisville. This new record value of 11.28 inches from Mayfield exceeds both values.

The 2019 value replaced the previous record of 9.78 inches, set at Bloomingdale on 31 August 1914. View the report associated with this investigation.

Value is published in the August 1995 Storm Data publication and is from a reliable gauge. Higher 24-hr amounts may have occurred in conjunction with a line of severe storms that impacted Northwest Ohio on July 4-5, 1969.

Arguably the greatest 24-hour rainfall on record outside of the tropics occurred around Smethport, PA on July 17, 1942. A post-event survey by the Weather Bureau provided a widely accepted maximum storm rainfall of 34.50 inches within a 12 hour period, of which an estimated 30.60 inches fell in just 6 hours. However, the greatest observed 24-hr rain fall for Pennsylvania occurred in conjunction with Hurricane Agnes in 1972.

Value was observed during the passage of Tropical Storm Isabel (October 4-8, 1985).

Previously listed record of 17.00 inches at Antreville on Augst 27, 1995 (Tropical Storm Jerry) was incongruent with other observations in the area, and all reliable evidence pointed to a much smaller 24-hr value. The 14.80 inches observed at Myrtle Beach on September 16, 1999 is a result of Hurricane Floyd.

The reported value was evaluated by the State Climate Extremes Committee. Greater amounts have fallen in 24 hours or less across SD, but were not observed by reliable precipitation measurement gauges. A survey after the June 9, 1972 Black Hills flood indicated rainfall up to 15 inches in 6 hours may have occurred near Keystone. On June 13-14, 1976 up to 10 inches of rain may have fallen over the Black Hills, while on June 14, 1996 a near-stationary thunderstorm produced an estimated 14 inches of rain between Sturgis and Hereford. On August 17, 2007 an estimated 10.5 inches of rain fell west of Hermosa. Slow moving thunderstorms on May 8, 2018 produced large storm totals across parts of SD including an unofficial 24-hour report measuring 13.15 inches northwest of Long Lake.

The 2021 value replaced the previous record of 13.60 inches, set at Milan (COOP ID: 406012) on 13 September 1982.

The 24-hour rainfall of 42.00 inches was reported from an observer 8.5 miles west of Alvin, Texas between 7 AM July 25th and 7 AM July 26th, 1979 in conjunction with Tropical Storm Claudette. Observer reported that the 10-inch gauge was overflowing at his 1 AM reading, and so the 42 inches may be underreported by at least 3 inches. This 42.00-in rainfall exceeds any observed 24-hr precipitation value for the United States. 43.00 inches of rain in this storm is acknowledged as the United States national record 24-hr precipitation amount, but that value appears to have been estimated in a post-storm survey and is therefore not listed here.

A value of 8.40 inches was reported as part of a post-flash flood survey conducted by the National Weather Service at North Odgen on September 7-8, 1991.

Storm Data (Vol. 11, No. 8) reports associated with Hurricane Camille (August 1969) indicate \"... substantiated amounts up to 31 inches ... falling mainly in Nelson and adjacent counties ....\" The 14.28 inches at Williamsburg fell in conjunction with Hurricane Floyd.

It is widely accepted that the greatest precipitation in a 24 hr period for West Virginia was an estimated 19.00 inches that reportedly fell in 2 hrs and 10 minutes on July 18, 1889 at Rockport during a cloudburst that caused Tygart Creek to rise 22 feet in one hour. However, this value has not been confirmed.

The 24-hr snowfall at Ansonia 1NE was the result of a powerful blizzard which impacted the Tri-State Region. After the storm subsided, many locations around the region reported more than 30 inches of snow. The State Climate Extremes Committee verified the validity of the observation at Ansonia.

State climatologist reports a greater 24-hr snow fall that spanned 2 observational days.

The 30.0 inches observed at Pratt in 2009 was formally evaluated by the State Climate Extremes Committee.

The 13.0 inches observed at Colfax on February 13, 1960 is the greatest 24-hr snowfall that could be confirmed for Louisiana. It is likely that higher 24-hr amounts fell during the Valentine's Day blizzard of February 13-15, 1895 (in which storm totals of 14 to 24 inches were prevalent from Galveston, TX to Lake Charles, LA) as well as the blizzard of December 21-22, 1929. However, all reported snow falls from these events appear to be accumulated amounts from which daily totals cannot be reliably extracted.

The previous record of 32 inches, reported at Charlotteburg Reservoir (COOP ID: 287332) on 14 December 1915, was determined to have fallen during a span of time exceeding 24 hours, per notes indicated on the observer form, and was subsequently invalidated and replaced by the next-largest known 24-hour snowfall value located in Long Branch.

An unofficial but widely accepted 24-hr snow fall observation of 54 inches was recorded at Barnes Corner (Tug Hill Plateau) in January 1976. In February 2020, the 50-inch value at Camden in 1966, already present in the record, but flagged as invalid, was determined by the SCEC to be valid. It was established as the record, replacing the previously accepted record of 49 inches, at Watertown on 14-15 November 1900. View the report from the associated investigation. In November 2022, significant and persistent lake effect snowfall impacted several areas east of lakes Erie and Ontario, but no new record was determined. A report was released to highlight the details from this investigation.

In May 2016, the SCEC considered a reported 41-inch snowfall event observed in January 2016 at Mt. Mitchell (GHCN-D identifier USC00315923). The value was determined to be invalid, and the existing record of 36 inches set in March 1993 was thereby upheld.

The 24-hr snow fall at Woodward and Freedom fell in conjunction with a spring blizzard that set snow fall records in Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas. The State Climate Extremes Committee verified the validity of the observations at Woodward and Freedom.

Lakeville 1NNE was the official name for this station when the record was set during 1958. The name of the station when the record was identified in 2021 was Lakeville 2NNE, which is reflected in the station metadata. This Lakeville value replaced the previously reported record of 38 inches, set at Morgantown (COOP ID: 365956) on 20 March 1958. More details are available in the report associated with this investigation.

Historical value was examined retroactively and found to be valid and exceeded prior stated record. The previously recognized record of 25\", observed in March 2009 at Follett (GHCN-D identifier USC00413225) is documented (here).

55.5 inches of snow fall in 24 hours was reported at the Alta Guard Station in Alta, UT on January 5-6, 1991, but information concerning this observation or the station is unavailable and cannot be considered official.

Two potential 24-hour snowfall records of 44.8 inches at Peru (COOP ID: 436335) and 42.0 inches at Landgrove 1.1 NNE (CoCoRaHS ID: VT-BN-3) over a 24-hour period on 16-17 December 2020 were examined by the SCEC during the following year. The SCEC found that observational practices associated with the measurements reduced confidence in these values. The SCEC determined by two separate 5-0 votes that the existing Jay Peak record be upheld.

The observation of 65.0 inches of snow that fell in 24 hours at the Crystal Mountain ski resort on February 24, 1994 is archived at the Northwest Weather and Avalanche Center. The greatest 24-hr snow fall observed at an official NOAA weather station in Washington is 52.0 inches observed at Winthrop on January 21, 1935.

The 35.0 inches of snowfall reported at Flat Top fell from 10 AM on January 27th to 10 AM on January 28th, 1998. Observation-time values for each day are 30.0 and 8.0 inches, respectively.

The Greenwood value replaced the previously reported record of 25 inches, set at Wilmington New Castle CO AP (13781) on 18 February, 2003 and Bridgeville 1 NW (071330) on 19 February 1979. More details are available in the associated report.

Possible issues with reporting of snow depth at Lake Park. State climatologist is investigating.

A snow depth value of 130 inches at Richland on 5 March 1947 was reviewed and rejected as a potential record. View the report associated with this investigation.

236 inches of snow depth were observed at the Collins snow study observation site at Alta, UT on May 19, 1983, but information concerning this observation or the station is unavailable and cannot be considered official.